Romamce, Harem And Mature Mangas

The forgotten history: the story of the camps for internally Italians Slavs during the fascist regime

One of the most devastating operations historical mystification and removal was done to the military and political events of the war and Fascist occupation of ex - Yugoslavia of which we know virtually nothing, the operation is successful, so that the history of Trieste and the border is now inevitably linked to the story of sinkholes, ably exploited and exaggerated by the Fascists and the right to remove what happened long before those events. Kersevan Alessandra's book, on the Italian camp, has the merit of illuminating some episodes of violence and persecution cleverly hidden. The names of Gonars, Rab, Treviso, Padova, Renicci, Colfiorito, Cairo Montenotte, River, Visco, Fraschette Alatri, Melada, Mamula, Zlarin Antivari and say nothing, but in reality were town with some real fascist concentration camps. The scholar complains that despite Yugoslavia and the other occupied countries provides plenty of evidence, the Italian war criminals were never prosecuted. The operation of concealment was facilitated by the operator of the Italian secret services, who built the memories of convenience with an attached collection of evidence to exonerate the criminals.

"Needless you write as we are here at Gonars, you can understand yourself, because, by writing, I do not believe it, especially now that we moved a little 'closer. Unfortunately, the situation has worsened, we do not know how we can accommodate and support further. Here is a high mortality of children and old men, and soon will be that young people will perish, because we are in the barracks, no stove, with a cold. I would best describe you, but I prefer to keep quiet. Do not even get the mail. " This letter is a copy of the translation in the State of Udine, censorship committee, which of course was never delivered to the addressee because it censured by the Commission (p. 15). The documents, contained in the text, are for the period November 1942, February 1943, reveal the dramatic situation experienced in fascist concentration camps. The researcher, after having retraced the unhappy treatment suffered by the Slavs from the Risorgimento, the denationalization policies undertaken by the United Italy, with the imposition of Italian in government and in schools (Benecija area, known as the Venetian and Friulian Slavia), deals with care of the fascist period.

It has a certain effect in the paper to see a poster of the Fascist Party which states: "is prohibited in any way, and in public places and streets of dignity is sing or speak in a Slavic language. Even in the shops of any kind should be used once and THE ONLY ITALIAN LANGUAGE. We squad, with persuasive methods, we will comply with this order ". It passed from words to deeds: In July 1920, was burnt the Narodni Dom, the home of culture of Slovenes and Croats in Trieste. Strunjan the fascists arrived in March 1921 in fire on a train, killing two children and injuring others. With the dictatorship of the work was continued and was forced Italianization unleashed repression of opponents (p. 27).

The condition worsened with the Nazi-Fascist occupation, through the establishment of protectorates and annexations local real: these attacks, with the presence of regimes (supported and desired by Mussolini) as that of Ante Pavelic Ustase caused deaths and destruction, with the death of over a million and half people. Italian governments, as Bastianini, military leaders, including which Roat, distinguished themselves in the work of denationalization by the most despicable. The general was known for Robotti the phrase "too little will kill" , theorizing the preventive repression of opponents, while General Roatta issued the famous circular 3C, a list of provisions to combat the partisan movement of liberation, with the prediction of the shooting of hostages, suspected of being Communists, the shooting of adult men in the countries in which acts of sabotage had taken place (p. 56), the deportation of the rest of the population, women, old people and children 's burning of villages and the bombing of the same. All of which took place on time (and testimonies are still in the archive of the Republic of Slovenia and in the Office of the Army or the historic Central State Archive): massacres, such as Podhum, which alone cost the lives of 108 people, made by the Italian Blackshirts along with regular troops, the rest of the population was interned. The governor of Dalmatia Bastianini had to prepare the camp Molat, near Zadar, where they were executed three hundred civilians taken as hostages. With regard to the Special Court of Dalmatia (among whose members there was the notorious superintendent of Rome Pietro Caruso), the Kersevan recalls a shameful episode that happened in the Republic in 2007: the relatives of the fascist component of the Court, shot by the Yugoslav war crimes committed by Vincenzo Serrentino, were honored with a plaque " The Italian Republic recalls." This in a country where the Constitution is born of the Resistance!

Among the provisions of Circular 3C, for the soldiers was expected this recommendation: "The treatment to do the rebels should not be summarized by the formula 'a tooth for a tooth' but rather than 'head for a tooth '" translated into internal mass for women, the elderly and children. The criminal Roatta provided camps for 20,000 people to the "needs of Slovenia, with the allocation of houses and property of" rebels "to the fallen fascist soldiers and wounded, with the intent to start a real cleaning ethnic area.

On August 24, 1942 Emilio Grazioli envisaged a solution to the Province of Ljubljana, with several assumptions: destruction, forced relocation, disposal of evidence to the contrary, giving more emphasis to the construction of labor camps to prevent these are oziasse. The criminal intent were hampered by logistical difficulties, the guerrilla insurgency and eventually led to the fall of Fascism that the armistice on 8 September.

The bad and confused management, partly due to the division of fields by the competent authority, ie either the military or civilian (Home Office) during the height of the Interior (Spring 1943), led to death from hunger and cold thousands of Slovenes, Croats, Montenegrins and Roma (the field of Rab was reliable, for example). The fields were multiplied throughout Italy, with the urgency of the situation due to the fascist mire in the occupied areas. Important fact historian, is the absolute continuity of the policy supported by Mussolini Badoglio government after the fall of Fascism, to which the situation of the eastern boundaries changed very little during the Badoglio. The release was obtained after 8 September, thanks to the heel of the Italian Army with the abandonment of the quota monitoring.

Now we analyze some aspects of daily life in the fascist camp. The idea of \u200b\u200bMussolini, to recover the anti-fascists with the work was translated literally in the concentration camp of Matera, where forced labor was exploited by the Nazi Eugenio Parrini, manager and recruiter with good relations in the Ministry Interior: in addition to the Communists and anti-fascists were interned Slavs.

touching is the story of raids in the area of \u200b\u200bCabarete, which were first in the fields of Rab and then Gonars in the spring of 1942 for most peasants was applied to the circular letter 3C took his family of the suspects, burned their houses, and finally encircled the population deported. Retained by the written testimony of a child who lived through these events:

"I as a child of five years (born on 8 February 1937) I experienced the fate of my countrymen. On July 27 the Fascist army burned our whole country of 24 houses and all that could burn. We have removed cattle, and all the villagers who were in the country were sent to Cabarete. We were told that we would be protected from the bandits 'communist partisans'. Imagine what protection: first of all destroyed and burned everything, then stole the cattle and all movable and we were thrown into a field in which hunger and the impossible conditions of life in only a few months of my country were killed 35 people. From the nearby town (Sokol) of the 149 inhabitants of Rab in the field at the same time 55 people have died. The same thing happened for other villages. "

The number of inhabitants of the area step in five months 6718 to 12263 people. The appalling living conditions were all highlighted in the testimonies of survivors of the shootings and bullying thugs of the fascist regime were guided by the racist contempt for the populations of those places, "Here die children and old people, we can hardly stand on his feet, for lack of food, "said a witness of lager Gonars. In all the letters found in the prefecture, the Provincial Commission of censorship of Udine the theme of death by starvation of children in particular is always present: "afflicts us first hunger and cold. We are under-dressed. If I had known what I waited, I would have killed the children first and then I would have deleted it myself, because you can not endure what we endure now ". Death, which occurred the terrible conditions in which they were forced to live. To be deported just be suspected of being related to some partisan, but also for the designs of ethnic cleansing perpetrated by the fascists to try to eradicate the supply bases of the guerrillas.

Testimony of Marija Poje, a survivor of the camp Gonars: "I then died this newborn baby, I killed this child by hunger, cold. And when that died this creature was only a semblance of a child. He was skinny, just bones, was like a rabbit. Two days of agony before closing his eyes. On the same day for the first time they had given him in those little containers for coffee that had a little 'cold milk. I had milk for the first time when he was dead. Then they took him away and I was so dilapidated that I could not even take him to the door of the cabin. And I was there. And even now I have this terrible desire, the desire for that time. The memory of the terrible days that I wished he would die before me. We lived and suffered and I could not go there. I did not know where he was buried, however there would be let go. " (p. 157).

Fame also caused the failure and corruption of officers, which escalated in the general confusion, the life of the inmates already bad (think of the distribution of food parcels sent by families of inmates, who often came to listen or failure did not arrive for a series of profiteers and corrupt take over the deliveries). Moreover, the Directorate General military police services of the War Department had ordered it to reduce the ration of Political Prisoners: "To the politicians belonging to the rebellious inmates should be given the food ration provided by Circular 2064/2595 on 23/02/1942 for prisoners of War is not employed in manual jobs, with the following variations: bread gr. Instead of 150 gr. 200; meat gr. Instead of 100 gr. 120; legumes gr. Instead of 20 gr. 30. The ration of 10 grams. cheese rasp should be deleted from ": then the leaders of the fascist regime decided a real strategy of hunger. The "repressive" or political prisoners, were mostly men, women and children or family members, subject to minimum rations and further reductions envisaged by the Ministry. The testimonies are horrifying fact: they hid the dead just to receive a ration in addition, dead who were later discovered when the call is not answered. Moreover, as he wrote in a note by hand XI Corps Commander General Gambara "logical and appropriate that concentration camp camp does not mean fat. Sick individual = individual who is comfortable ". In addition to poor sanitation, diseases such as dysentery Italian people died in these camps: the continual transfers from one place to another, also the spread of infectious diseases. Typhus could move from camp to the soldiers of monitoring up to the surrounding population.

Many of the inmates were employed in forced labor, to support the costs of the concentration camp system and the economy proved by the Italian war work that could be inside the camp, in true labor camps or in private firms in farming, craft, industrial or family work, however, assured of the highest food rations, and, taken by hunger, many accepted.

To underline the shameful collaboration of the Catholic Church is concerned only by Communist propaganda in the camps, minimizing, as did the apostolic nuncio in Italy, Archbishop Borgoncini-Duke in the report to Cardinal Maglione inmates on the state of Slovenes in Italy , deprivation of food and shelter.

This short article about the importance of the facts narrated, aims to be only a starting point for reflection on the context that led to each of the sinkholes. But it also wants to be an act of denunciation to the authorities and the Italian neo-fascist historical revisionism: the authorities who denied, who defended the worst offenders, in their defense that insults the same people who were persecuted, they did pass the perpetrators to the victims, perpetuating the stereotype of fascism and the border slave Risorgimento seen as barbaric. Send Kersevan, full of details and documents that have been given a small part, restores dignity to the historian and is an act of justice and denounce the crimes , shamefully hidden, of Italian Fascism.

A. Kersevan, "Italian camps, ethnic cleansing and concentration camps for civilians Yugoslav fascists 1941 - 1943 " , Nutrition, Rome 2008.